There are expected to be at least four special elections to the United States House of Representatives in 2025 during the 119th United States Congress. Additional special elections may take place if any other vacancies occur.
Summary
Florida's 1st congressional district
Republican Matt Gaetz resigned on November 13, 2024, shortly after President-elect Donald Trump announced that he would nominate Gaetz to serve as the United States attorney general, although Gaetz later withdrew from consideration for that position. Governor Ron DeSantis called the election for April 1, 2025, and primary elections were held on January 28. On April 1, the election is held and Republican Jimmy Patronis wins with 57%.
Florida's 6th congressional district
Republican Michael Waltz resigned on January 20, 2025, to become Trump's National Security Advisor. Governor Ron DeSantis called the election for April 1, 2025, and primary elections were held on January 28. On April 1, the election is held and Republican Randy Fine wins with 56.7%.
Texas's 18th congressional district
Incumbent Democrat Sylvester Turner died on March 5, 2025. Governor Greg Abbott called the special election for November 4, 2025.
Arizona's 7th congressional district
Incumbent Democrat Raúl Grijalva died on March 13, 2025, from complications from cancer treatment. Governor Katie Hobbs called a special election to be held on September 23, 2025.
Cancelled special election for New York's 21st congressional district
Incumbent Republican Elise Stefanik was expected to resign to take office as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, after being nominated to the position by president-elect Donald Trump on November 11, 2024. Governor Kathy Hochul would have been responsible for calling a special election ten days after the vacancy, to take place between 70 and 80 days afterwards. However, after several months of delays, Stefanik's nomination was withdrawn by President Trump on March 27, 2025, due to concerns over the slim Republican Party majority in the House of Representatives. Stefanik had been expected to be confirmed; her nomination was reported favorably out of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and House Majority Leader Steve Scalise was planning to host a going-away party for Stefanik on March 31.
In lieu of a primary election, nominees for the special election would have been chosen by local leaders from each party in the 21st district. A wide field of Republicans had declared their intent to seek the nomination, including:
- Anthony Constantino, printing company CEO
- David Forsythe, chair of the St. Lawrence County Legislature
- Jim Harden, Walworth town board member
- Liz Joy, realtor and nominee for the 20th district in 2020 and 2022
- Josh Parker, maple syrup business owner
- Joe Pinion, former NewsMax host and nominee for U.S. Senate in 2022
- Dan Stec, state senator from the 45th district (2021–present)
- Chris Tague, state assemblymember from the 102nd district (2018–present) and chair of the Schoharie County Republican Party
- Darrell Wilson, town supervisor of Putnam
The New York State Conservative Party endorsed Stec. Republicans who declined to run in the special election included Fulton County Sheriff Richard Giardino and state senator Mark Walczyk.
Democrats nominated dairy farmer Blake Gendebien for the expected special election on February 4. Other candidates who sought the Democratic nomination included:
- Mary Anito, engineer
- Paula Collins, cannabis tax attorney and nominee for this district in 2024
- Dylan Hewitt, former deputy assistant trade representative
- Steve Holden, financial management consultant and nominee for the 24th district in 2022
Three other Democrats declined to run in the special election: state assemblymember Billy Jones, former U.S. Representative Bill Owens, and Matt Castelli, former director of counterterrorism for the U.S. National Security Council and nominee for this district in 2022.
Richard Grayson, writer and perennial candidate, filed as a write-in candidate proposing that the 21st District become a province of Canada, satirizing Trump's push for the United States to annex Canada.
Notes
References
